Because I saw Hito's comment in the Death Note Netflix thread & wanted to address them here instead of derailing that thread.
...whereas ghost in the shell seems to have wanted to keep a bunch of the asian-themed trappings of earlier adaptations (geisha robots, the futuristic asian metropolis setting, a few asian supporting actors) without having an asian person front-and-centre on the cover. i don't know if they plan on explaining why you have white-major and white-batou in this seemingly asian city (is it some kind of future melting pot of every nationality? are they just visiting?) or why the head of her division is a guy who from his trailer appearances seems to only speak japanese. is section 9 not a part of the japanese government but now some kind of international police agency? but instead of just taking the core of the story and putting it in a futuristic america, they kept a bunch of the asian stuff while giving the main focus over to a white woman instead.
The setting of Ghost in the Shell is a mega-corporate world, to quote the opening of the manga directly:
"Is it the near future. The world has become highly information-intensive, with a vast corporate network covering the planet, electrons and light pulsing through it. But the nation-state and ethnic groups still survive. And on the edge of Asia in a strange corporate conglomerate-state called 'Japan'...." (Then the explicit setting is "March 5, 2029. New Port City, a floating metropolis in the Shinhama Prefecture")
So the setting DOES always take place in Japan, in the fictional location of New Port City, which is a New York City analogue that's aesthetically based on Hong Kong in both the 1995 anime and in the upcoming film, and it's also a bit of a melting pot of sorts depending on the series, where SAC focuses mainly on the Asian Refugee State – especially in 2nd GIG but also has visitors and other individuals from other countries as commonplace, whereas they also show a larger global picture on a number of occasions for their international politics.
The opening 5 minutes clip really showcases how this looks in the film with New Port City being a melting pot of many different people, but still set in a fictional future conglomerate-state of Japan.
Insofar as the members of Section 9 themselves, that's a bit more varied. In the final episode of Stand Alone Complex,
it's explicitly shown that all of their names are codenames and they're of varying nationalities. In 2nd GIG, Saito was a Mercenary working in South America against the Japanese military when they picked him up, so it's clear that the nationalities listed there aren't just all different for no reason, but additionally it's worth pointing out that they are explicitly undefined in the series for ALL the Section 9 members, and not ever explicitly detailed. To make it more obscure even beyond that, the Major states in the finale of 2nd GIG when talking to Kuze that she doesn't actually remember her "original" name or identity at all (from when she was younger that 6 and was critically injured in a plane crash and became a full cyborg), meaning that in that series she has no established personal identity as a human outside of her cybernetic shell, racial or otherwise – and that gets FURTHER obscured in Solid State Society when her subconscious essentially becomes its own being, much like her merging with the puppet master in the original film. AND speaking of the original film, Mamoru Oshii specifically stated in regards to Scarlett Johansson's casting:
"What issue could there possibly be with casting her? The Major is a cyborg and her physical form is an entirely assumed one. The name 'Motoko Kusanagi' and her current body are not her original name and body, so there is no basis for saying that an Asian actress must portray her." (Not to mention that in his film, she's doubting that she's even human since she's never seen her own brain).
Additionally, in his film, both the Major & Batou's cybernetic shells have various non-Japanese qualities about them – the Major having blue eyes and and identical shell to the one that the Puppet Master uses which is made by a European cybernetics manufacturer, and Batou having the physique of a body builder with short, platinum-blone-hair. That means that both of their characters lack any defined racial identity of any kind not only in their character's backstories, but also in their appearance (though as has been stated, that appearance bears no more relevance to the race of their brains than CEO Jameson's does in SAC to his original body, because they're completely artificial and arbitrary). Even Batou tells the Major that she ought to swap out to a male body model at one point in SAC.
They're all just brains in completely artificial cases.
Which should make everything pretty clear on that matter. That means of ANY characters in the series,
these two can be cast as whoever. While it'd've been a strong opportunity for an Asian actress, it's not a necessity, nor is it whitewashing. Additionally, (as you get to later) there are funding reasons that play into it where casting Scarlett works out well for the film's budget (plus, I think that she's got experience that makes her an excellent choice for the role, but YMMV).
Insofar as Takeshi Kitano playing the Chief, he is the ONLY character who we know of in Section 9 who has a real Japanese identity and nationality – Daisuke Aramaki. We can strongly infer that Togusa is Asian given that (like the chief) he's still physically natural with only cybernetic brain enhancements in most of the series so his appearance CAN speak to his identity, and he's being played by Chin Han. All the other members of Section 9 don't have any defined identities or backstories, and their appearances vary quite a bit throughout the various iterations (not to mention the Major being purple-haired and red-eyed in SAC), with the CLOSEST to anything being Ishikawa owning a Pachinko Parlour in SAC, but that's still barely anything. That's why the rest of Section 9 have been cast as a wide range of actors of varying nationalities, which at least matches SAC showing that they're a multi-racial group working for the Japanese Public Security Sector.
The tl;dr is that at a cursory glance, this does SEEM to be an issue, but if you actually dig at the source material, there isn't a problem with it and this film doesn't seem to be making any changes to the
Ghost in the Shell in terms of casting, setting, or anything from any of the re-reading and rewatching that I've done when initially wanting to get a well-formed opinion on all this (as well as just having an excuse to get my girlfriend to watch all the GitS stuff before the movie comes out).
(plus that thing where they call her 'major' like it's a name even in places where 'the major' would sound better, such as that social media marketing thing with the 'i am major' slogan. why are you doing that. that mildly annoys me.)
Oh my god, same. They've SEEMINGLY not done it in interviews where they've gone back to using "the Major" like normal non-cavepersons when talking, but what the film does remains to be seen. By the same token, they had a weird-ass pronunciation of "Batou" in one of those interviews as well which just makes me cringe.
not to say i don't get why they did it, and you're less like to get a large budget making the film in japan since the film industry is smaller there and some films are probably just better off being made elsewhere. (i haven't seen it but attack on titans seems like it would have been more suited for an american/european production. i saw this being brought up as a 'reverse white-washing' but if you're making a film in japan you're not going to fill such a large cast with good non-japanese actors. they just use models and like, english teachers who came to japan. the good actors aren't all going 'oh boy, i'm going to move to japan and because a great english-speaking actor!' and picking tokyo over hollywood.) big name japanese/asian actors wouldn't have the name value of a hollywood star, and hollywood isn't going to make much effort to develop an american-asian actor into a big name star because idk it's easier to just get scarlett johansson or something instead.
I addressed a little bit of this earlier, but insofar as the "reverse white-washing" that's just dumb as hell. Japan-centric media doesn't have NEARLY the pool of diversity that Hollywood ought to have access to, and that's really the core of the issue. Like I said earlier, this role could've been a BIG opportunity for an Asian actress (though I think that if you DO cast an Asian actress, it'd be important for her to be Japanese, because I think in NOT doing that, it'd be poorly received in Japan rather than just being seen as "Hollywood"). After
Pacific Rim, I was really hoping that Rinko Kikuchi'd've gotten the role because she could clearly look the part, so long as she could nail some of the more important dialogue (or maybe we could've even gotten a full Hollywood production where everyone just speaks Japanese, which would've been awesome), but those hopes died when it became clear that Japan isn't overly fond of her but most notably that
Pacific Rim massively underperformed in Japan & the US, which are the key target markets for this film, and – like you mentioned – funding for a film like this is a big deal.
My overall hope for this film is that it gets really good exposure for all of the actors & actresses aside from Scarlett (since Togusa & Aramaki are frequently some of the most important characters ESPECIALLY in Stand Alone Complex), and that IF there is ever a follow-up like
Solid State Society for SAC, or
Innocence for the original film, that the Major is pretty much a transcendental entity of sorts by that point, and the other characters really carry the story beats the most and it's even better for the supporting cast. However, if they leave this film as-is that the success reflects positively on VERY diverse casting throughout, and that it helps to make Hollywood less painfully monochromatic.
most of this could have gone in the ghost in the shell thread but it's here now so. deal with it.
I... sort of dealt with it...?
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